A complete handbook for the sanitary troops of the U S army and navy . t wall,known as the pleuralcazity (Fig. 40). The right lung hasthree lobes, the left lung two, and each is com- Larynx, Trachea, Right and Left Bron- pOSed of bronchi aij-chu3,andtheLunf;s. The latter have been cut open to show ,, , , ,. . the method of division and subdivision of the Bronchi. cells, and the divisions and subdivisions of the pulmonary arteries and veins. In the ultimate air cells the venous blood of the pulmonary arteriescirculating in the capillaries is brought in contact with the air in thecel
A complete handbook for the sanitary troops of the U S army and navy . t wall,known as the pleuralcazity (Fig. 40). The right lung hasthree lobes, the left lung two, and each is com- Larynx, Trachea, Right and Left Bron- pOSed of bronchi aij-chu3,andtheLunf;s. The latter have been cut open to show ,, , , ,. . the method of division and subdivision of the Bronchi. cells, and the divisions and subdivisions of the pulmonary arteries and veins. In the ultimate air cells the venous blood of the pulmonary arteriescirculating in the capillaries is brought in contact with the air in thecells, and the interchange takes place which results in the bloodreceiving a supply of oxygen and becoming arterial, while the airbecomes charged with carbonic oxide, waste organic matter, andwatery vapor. In inflammation of the lungs, pneumonia, these air cells becomefilled with liquor sanguinis containing some red blood cells, so thatair can no longer enter and that portion of the lung is temporarilyuseless. In laryngitis and bronchitis mucus is pcurcd out into the. THE RESPIRATORY APPARATUS 83 bronchi and coughed up, but the air cells are free; hence those affections are much less serious. Breathing or respiration consists in the alternate expansion and contraction of the chest, by which air is drawn in and forced out; the drawing in is known as inspiration and the forcing out as expira-tion. The number of these movements in health is about eighteen to the minute. In ordi-nary quiet respirationthe principal muscleconcerned is the diaph-ragm, wliich in its re-laxed state is arched up-ward into the cavity ofthe chest; in its con-traction tlie muscle isflattened out, largely in-creasing the capacity ofthe chest, so that the airrushes in through thelarynx to fill the vacu-um ; inspiration com-pleted, tlie diaphragmrelaxes, the chest wallscollapse, and expirationoccurs. When respira-tion becomes more ac-tive the intercostalmuscles, which raise theribs, come into play,and when still
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectfirstaidinillnessand
