. Cold-water Coral Reefs: out of sight - no longer out of mind. UNEP-WCMC Biodiversity Series 22. Cold-water coral reefs REGULATIONS AND MEASURES Cold-water coral reefs are of ecological and socio-economic importance. Without urgent measures for their conser- vation, protection and sustainable management, the goods and services these reefs supply might be lost forever Any regulations and measures should be precautionary and designed to prevent deliberate or accidental damage to cold-water coral reefs, as the restoration of adversely affected reefs, if possible at all, will take generations and
. Cold-water Coral Reefs: out of sight - no longer out of mind. UNEP-WCMC Biodiversity Series 22. Cold-water coral reefs REGULATIONS AND MEASURES Cold-water coral reefs are of ecological and socio-economic importance. Without urgent measures for their conser- vation, protection and sustainable management, the goods and services these reefs supply might be lost forever Any regulations and measures should be precautionary and designed to prevent deliberate or accidental damage to cold-water coral reefs, as the restoration of adversely affected reefs, if possible at all, will take generations and require considerably more costs, resources and efforts than precautionary, preventative measures. Recommendation 10 Develop and adopt precautionary regulations and measures to protect, conserve and sustainably manage cold-water coral ecosystems and reefs to prevent deliberate or accidental damage caused by human activities. This should include consideration of interim prohibitions to reduce or eliminate human activities which adversely impact upon cold-water coral ecosystems within and beyond the limits of national jurisdiction. Types of regulations and measures Various countries and regional bodies have adopted, or are in the process of establishing, regulations and measures for the protection and management of vulnerable marine habitats, including cold-water coral reefs. Depending on the specific threat, state and location of the cold-water coral reefs, these regulations and measures vary considerably. ranging from a requirement for an environmental impact assessment, the prohibition of an expansion of operations and bottom trawling on cold-water coral reef areas, to specific management plans and regulations, such as a ban on all or certain types of fishing gear (especially those which are dragged over or can come into contact with the sea floor] on known cold-water coral reefs. Recommendation 11 Consider the establishment of requirements and procedures for environmental imp
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