. Electron microscopy; proceedings of the Stockholm Conference, September, 1956 . Fig. 1. Montmorillonite, prepared by freeze-drying. centrations varied within the range of "o clay mineral in water. Concentrations of 1 ",, and higher make specimens opaque to the electron beam. At the lowest concen- trations the supporting film cannot be dispensed with because there is not enough material to span the slit in the carrier. The results obtained with this method can be seen in fig. 1. To obtain maximum information the slereotech- nique has been employed. From these stereophoto- gr
. Electron microscopy; proceedings of the Stockholm Conference, September, 1956 . Fig. 1. Montmorillonite, prepared by freeze-drying. centrations varied within the range of "o clay mineral in water. Concentrations of 1 ",, and higher make specimens opaque to the electron beam. At the lowest concen- trations the supporting film cannot be dispensed with because there is not enough material to span the slit in the carrier. The results obtained with this method can be seen in fig. 1. To obtain maximum information the slereotech- nique has been employed. From these stereophoto- graphs the spatial structure of the montmorilU^nite skeleton can be clearly visualized. The conclusion to be drawn from these photomicrographs is that the clay particles form a three-dimensional network ol sheets and ribbons. This conclusion is in agreement with the impression pre\iotisl\ obtained on the basis of the macroscopic behaviour of these suspensions. Furthermore, we can conclude from these photo- graphs that difTerent types of bonds between the particles occur and that an edge-sheet bonding as was postulated by other investigators is certainl\ not very conspicuous. The authors thank the management of the Konink- lijkc Shell-Laboratorium, Amsterdam, for permission to publish the above results.
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