. Text book of vertebrate zoology. Vertebrates; Anatomy, Comparative. MAMMALS. 39J The Anthracotheriid^, best developed in the European upper eocerrev have the teeth / ^, c \, p \, in |, the metapodials distinct, and four toes on eacli foot, the outer ones in process of reduction. Anthracotheriicm, eocene. Hyopotamiis, miocene of the U. S. and Europe. The SuiD«, or swine, apparently derivatives of the last family, appear in the eocene of both conti- nents, and continue to the present time. They have the teeth i f or |, c \, p \ \.Q> \, in \, the molars bunodont. The feet are four-toed, rare
. Text book of vertebrate zoology. Vertebrates; Anatomy, Comparative. MAMMALS. 39J The Anthracotheriid^, best developed in the European upper eocerrev have the teeth / ^, c \, p \, in |, the metapodials distinct, and four toes on eacli foot, the outer ones in process of reduction. Anthracotheriicm, eocene. Hyopotamiis, miocene of the U. S. and Europe. The SuiD«, or swine, apparently derivatives of the last family, appear in the eocene of both conti- nents, and continue to the present time. They have the teeth i f or |, c \, p \ \.Q> \, in \, the molars bunodont. The feet are four-toed, rarely three- toed, toes 2 and 5 smaller than the others, and the metapodials distinct. The stomach has a pouch developed near the cardiac opening; the colon is spirally coiled, and a caecum is present. The earlier history of the family is less certain than that of some others, and some of the earlier genera seem to have a carnivorous facies. The family to-day belongs to the old world, only the peccaries (frequently set aside as a distinct family, Dicotylid«) occurring in the western hemisphere. In Achmnodon, from the eocene, there are already developed the tusk-like canines so characteristic of mod- ern swine ; in Elolheriiun they are less conspicuous, while in Chccro- potamus (eocene, Europe) and Leptochcsi-iis (miocene, U. S.) these teeth are smaller. The pec- caries {Dicotyles) appear in the American pleistocene, and two or three species persist in warmer America to-day. They have the teeth i I, c \, p f, m |; the fifth toe of the hind feet lacking, and the stomach more complex than in the typical swines. The spe- cies are gregarious and omnivor- ous. The allied Platygonus is pliocene. In the pigs proper.— Sns^ Bahh-usa. Phacochariis — the canines are greatly developed and triangular in section, and a large diastema, exists between these and the premolars. All are old-world forms, and are dis-. FiG. 367. Stomach of sheep, after Carus- and Otto (Oppel). a, abomasum ; w, om
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