Holly (Ilex aquifolium). Trunk showing encircling healed scars of Great Spotted Woodpecker bill.(Debdrocorpus major)

---

Holly (Ilex aquifolium). Trunk of an established tree, showing girdling, circular and spiralling 'lip' or 'wells' marks, caused by a Great Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos major), with its bill.

---

Size: 3744px × 5616px
Photo credit: © Joe Blossom / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No

Keywords: ., aquifolium, bark, beak, bill, bird, caused, dendrocopos, evidence, girdling, great, healed, holly, ilex, lips, major, marking, markings, marks, sap, sap., scar, scars, seek, seeking, sign, signs, spotted, territorial, tree, trunk, wells, wildlife, wood, woodpecker, wound, wounds scars