. The nature and properties of soils; a college text of edaphology. Soils. ALKALI SOILS 335 solving the parts of tlie plant witli which they come into con- tact. Such action is not as important as plasmolysis and when it does occur is most noticeable at the root crown. (See Fig. 55.) Indirectly, alkali may influence plants by its effect on soil tilth, soil organisms, and fungous and bacterial growths. Mar- chal,^ for example, found that the formation of nodules, con- taining the nitrogen-fixing organisms, did not develop well. Fig, 55.—/(I) Cross-seetion diagram of a normal plant cell. (2) Cel
. The nature and properties of soils; a college text of edaphology. Soils. ALKALI SOILS 335 solving the parts of tlie plant witli which they come into con- tact. Such action is not as important as plasmolysis and when it does occur is most noticeable at the root crown. (See Fig. 55.) Indirectly, alkali may influence plants by its effect on soil tilth, soil organisms, and fungous and bacterial growths. Mar- chal,^ for example, found that the formation of nodules, con- taining the nitrogen-fixing organisms, did not develop well. Fig, 55.—/(I) Cross-seetion diagram of a normal plant cell. (2) Cell after plasmolysis has taken place. on pea roots in nutrient solutions when certain concentra- tions of salts were maintained. Ammonium salts were injuri- ous at a concentration of 500 parts per million. Potassium and sodium salts retarded the nodule development at 5000 and 3333 parts to the million respectively. The quantity of alkali that will cause injury to ammonifying and nitrifying bacteria varies from 250 to 4000 parts per million, depending on eon- diiions. 177. Eesistance of different plants to alkali.—The fac- tors that determine the tolerance of plants toward alkali are: ^ Marchal, E., Influence des Sets mmiraux nvtntifs sur la FroducUon des nodosiUs ehes le Fots; Compt. Rend. Acad. Sei. (Paris), Tome 133, No. 24, p. 1032, Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Lyon, T. L. (Thomas Lyttleton), 1869-1938; Buckman, Harry Oliver, 1883-. New York, Macmillan
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