. Animal biology. Zoology; Biology. Receptor (sense organ) Muscle (effector) Ventral root Gray matter Motor neri^e fiber Fig. 231.—Diagrammatic cross section of spinal cord and diagram of a spinal nerve, show reflex paths; should be compared with Fig. 152. To glands (Fig, 231). Peripheral ganglia connected with these and situated in various parts of the body serve as local centers for the control of certain localized activities. Ganglia of that character are similar in function to the central ganglia of animals in the lower phyla. There is also a portion of the peripheral nervous system, inclu
. Animal biology. Zoology; Biology. Receptor (sense organ) Muscle (effector) Ventral root Gray matter Motor neri^e fiber Fig. 231.—Diagrammatic cross section of spinal cord and diagram of a spinal nerve, show reflex paths; should be compared with Fig. 152. To glands (Fig, 231). Peripheral ganglia connected with these and situated in various parts of the body serve as local centers for the control of certain localized activities. Ganglia of that character are similar in function to the central ganglia of animals in the lower phyla. There is also a portion of the peripheral nervous system, including both ganglia and nerves, which is to a considerable degree detached from the rest and which carries on its functions mostly without any interference from the central nervous system. For this reason it is known as the autonomic nervous system. The nerve fibers belonging to the cerebrospinal system run from origin to destination without branching; this serves to keep the impulses separate and distinct, as is necessary in all voluntary action. Those of the autonomic system, however, branch freely, causing the effect of any stimulus to be radiated in all directions. The system is thus very widely affected by stimuli, which suggests the term sympathetic, also applied to it. This system controls the involuntary muscles of the body. Its nerves run to and from the various regions of the alimentary canal and through the cere- brospinal nerves fibers from it reach all of the blood vessels throughout. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Wolcott, Robert Henry, 1868-1934; University of Nebraska (Lincoln campus). Dept. of Zoology. New York ; London : McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc.
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