. Class-book of botany : being outlines of the structure, physiology and classification of plants : with a flora of the United States and Canada. Botany; Botany; Botany. 112 PERICARP. then either dry, as the pea-pod, or succulent, as the currant. Dry peri- carps are membranous, or coriaceous (leathery), or woody. Succulent pericarps may be either wholly so, as the grape, or partly so, as the peach and other stone fruit. 548. Pericarp closed or open. With very few exceptions the pericarp encloses the seed while maturing. In mignonette (322), however, it opens, exposing the seed, immediately aft
. Class-book of botany : being outlines of the structure, physiology and classification of plants : with a flora of the United States and Canada. Botany; Botany; Botany. 112 PERICARP. then either dry, as the pea-pod, or succulent, as the currant. Dry peri- carps are membranous, or coriaceous (leathery), or woody. Succulent pericarps may be either wholly so, as the grape, or partly so, as the peach and other stone fruit. 548. Pericarp closed or open. With very few exceptions the pericarp encloses the seed while maturing. In mignonette (322), however, it opens, exposing the seed, immediately after flowering. The membranous pericarp of cohosh (Leontice) falls away early leaving the seed to ripen naked. In yew (Taxus) the seed is never enclosed wholly by its fleshy pericarp; but in most of the other Coniferse, the close- pressed, carpellary scales cover the seeds. One-seeded fruits, like those of butter-cups, etc., are liable to be mistaken for naked seeds. 549. Dehiscence. The fleshy pericarp is always indekiscent. Its seeds are liberated only by its decay, or bursting in germination. So also in many cases the dry pericarp, as the acorn. But more commonly the dry fruit, when arrived at maturity, opens in some way, discharging its seeds. Such fruits are dehiscent. 550. Modes. Dehiscence is either valvular, porous, or circumscis- sile; valvular, when the pericarp opens vertically along the sutures, forming regular parts called valves. These valves may separate quite to the base, or only at the top, forming teeth, as in chickweed. We notice four modes of valvular dehiscence, viz. : 1, Sutural, when it takes place at the sutures of any 1-celled peri- carp, as columbine, pea, Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Wood, Alphonso, 1810-1881. New York : A. S. Barnes & Burr
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