. The science and practice of dental surgery. efore adjusting the rubber-dam andligature. It is not always necessary to ligatureeach tooth included in the dam, but it is generallyadvisable to put one on the tooth to be pledgels of cotton-wool saturated invarnish and placed in the inter-spaces of the 342 other teeth will frequently take the place ofligatures, and be very much less pamful inapplication; this method is especially applicablewliere much recession of the gum has takenplace. Soft copper or iron binding wire may be used with advantage in some cases,where there is a diffi
. The science and practice of dental surgery. efore adjusting the rubber-dam andligature. It is not always necessary to ligatureeach tooth included in the dam, but it is generallyadvisable to put one on the tooth to be pledgels of cotton-wool saturated invarnish and placed in the inter-spaces of the 342 other teeth will frequently take the place ofligatures, and be very much less pamful inapplication; this method is especially applicablewliere much recession of the gum has takenplace. Soft copper or iron binding wire may be used with advantage in some cases,where there is a difficulty experienced in theapplication or retention of silk, or where tliecavity is near the cervical margin. In orderthat the rubber may not slip over the ligature,knots may be tied on the silk before application;these knots should be so placed as to come on thelingual surface of the tooth. Small glass beadsmay be tied in instead if preferred. After allthe ligatures have been adjusted the retractorsmay be tightened, and an unrestricted view of. Fig. 422.—Rubber-dam holder. {H. P. Fernalds.) Co., Ltd.) the cavity should result. A napkin shouldbe placed under the rubber where it passesover the lower lip, and if weiglits are employedthey will keep it in place by catching it in theclips. Many operators prefer Fernalds wireframe holder to take the place of retractorsand weights (see Fig. 422). Uf-per Posterior Teeth.—To apply the rubber-dam to these teeth is a little more difficult thanthe foregoing. Ligatures can be used near thefront of the mouth, but are much more difficultto adjust further back. For the molars, there-fore, and also frequently for the premolars, clamps must be used. A very largenumber of these have been designed and intro-duced from time to time, and much differenceof opuiion has resulted from a comparison oftheir supposed merits. It is most important that a clamp should accurately fit the neck ofthe tooth to which it is to be applied. It shouldhave sufficient
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectdentistry, bookyear19
