Ohio archæological and historical quarterly . The incentive for beginning the present explorationof the Mound City group with mound number 8 wastwo-fold. In the first place, as noted above, a portionof the mound had been removed to within a few inchesof the base, leaving at least one burial partly exposedand various artifacts within reach of the curious. Sec-ondly, it was from this mound that Squier and Davissecured their noteworthy find of effigy pipes, upwardsof 200 in number, and in connection with which theyarrived at certain conclusions at seeming variance withlater and more complete evid
Ohio archæological and historical quarterly . The incentive for beginning the present explorationof the Mound City group with mound number 8 wastwo-fold. In the first place, as noted above, a portionof the mound had been removed to within a few inchesof the base, leaving at least one burial partly exposedand various artifacts within reach of the curious. Sec-ondly, it was from this mound that Squier and Davissecured their noteworthy find of effigy pipes, upwardsof 200 in number, and in connection with which theyarrived at certain conclusions at seeming variance withlater and more complete evidence in the same direction. The report of Squier and Davis on mound number8 follows: Fig. 37 (reproduced in Fig. 2) is a section of mound No. 8in Mound City. In the number and value of its relics, thismound far exceeds any hitherto explored. It is small in size,and in its structure exhibits nothing remarkable. It had butone sand stratum, the edges of which rested on the outer slopesof the altar, as shown in the section (Fig. 2). Between this. Fig. 2. Mound No. 8, after Squier & Davis. stratum and the deposit in the basin occurred a layer a fewinches thick, of burned loam. The altar itself, Fig. 38 (repro-duced as Fig. 3) was somewhat singular, though quite regularin shape. In length it was six feet two inches, in width fourfeet. At the point indicated in the section was a depression ofperhaps six inches below the general level of the basin. Exploration of the Mound City Group 431 The deposit (a) in this altar was large. Intermixed withmuch ashes, were found not far from two hundred pipes, carvedin stone, many pearl and shell beads, numerous discs, tubes, etc.,of copper, and a number of other ornaments of copper, coveredwith silver, etc., etc. The pipes were much broken up, — someof them calcined by the heat, which had been sufficiently strongto melt copper, masses of which were found fused together inthe center of the basin. A large number have nevertheless beenrestored, at
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