During El Niño, the waters of the eastern Pacific are much warmer than usual. The region is influenced by a depression system that causes heavy rain, cyclones, and floods. The southwestern United States also receives abundant precipitation. At the same time, the western Pacific is affected by anticyclonic conditions that considerably reduce the monsoon. Southeast Asia thus suffers drought conditions favorable to forest fires. Many regions of the planet (Canada, Japan, southeast Australia, Africa) also undergo a major rise in atmospheric temperature.

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