History of mediæval art . re above the engaged columns being abbreviated and thepitch of the gable greatly increased. Round arches were intro-duced above the gable or beneath the entablature, as, for instance,in the Church of St. Gabriel near Tarascon, in Notre-Dame-des-Doms at Avignon, and the Church of Le Thor; occasionally theengaged columns are themselves connected by arches. These un-certain attempts of the earliest period gradually resulted in thedevelopment of the magnificent types of the twelfth century, suchas the portal of the Church of St. Gilles (Gard), begun in 1116, or 340 ARCHIT
History of mediæval art . re above the engaged columns being abbreviated and thepitch of the gable greatly increased. Round arches were intro-duced above the gable or beneath the entablature, as, for instance,in the Church of St. Gabriel near Tarascon, in Notre-Dame-des-Doms at Avignon, and the Church of Le Thor; occasionally theengaged columns are themselves connected by arches. These un-certain attempts of the earliest period gradually resulted in thedevelopment of the magnificent types of the twelfth century, suchas the portal of the Church of St. Gilles (Gard), begun in 1116, or 340 ARCHITECTURE OF THE ROMANIC EPOCH. that of St. Trophime in Aries {Fig. 204), which is perhaps refera-ble to the year 1154. But even here the proportions and formsof the Corinthian columns were retained in some degree, and theclassic horizontality of the entablature was emphasized in the im-post of the arch. In like manner the decorative carvings, bothof the figures and of the ornaments, were still influenced byRoman Fig. 204.—Portal of St. Trophime at Aries. Although in the first period of the Romanic style the basilicalplan had been more and more supplanted by that of the one-aisledand barrel-vaulted churches, it was never entirely relinquished. Inmany cases the requirements of an extended space rendered the re-tention of a three-aisled plan necessary. Such structures seem tohave been vaulted from the first, the advantages of this construe- FRANCE. 341 tion having become too plain to allow the introduction of horizon-tal ceilings of wood. The barrel - vaults of the side aisles led tovarious attempts to meet the exigencies of the construction, theultimate success of which resulted in the greatest development ofthe style. The first step was to cover the low side aisles with comparative-ly small barrel-vaults, the slightly inclined lean-to roof leaving suffi-cient space for the introduction of the clerestory windows above
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