. Insect pests of farm, garden and orchard . r preventing oviposition as suggested forthe previous species are advised, Ijut the repellant washes must beapplied higher on the trunks and should extend to the lowerbranches as high as can be reached. The Oyster-shell Scale * Not infrequently young apple and pear trees are encrusted and killed by the Oyster-shell Scale, as are young poplars and maples. * Lepidosaphes ulmi Linn. Family Cuccldce. See Quaintance andSasscer, Circular 121, Bureau of Entomology, U. S. Dept. Agr., and refer-ences there given. INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE APPLE AND PEAR 593 I
. Insect pests of farm, garden and orchard . r preventing oviposition as suggested forthe previous species are advised, Ijut the repellant washes must beapplied higher on the trunks and should extend to the lowerbranches as high as can be reached. The Oyster-shell Scale * Not infrequently young apple and pear trees are encrusted and killed by the Oyster-shell Scale, as are young poplars and maples. * Lepidosaphes ulmi Linn. Family Cuccldce. See Quaintance andSasscer, Circular 121, Bureau of Entomology, U. S. Dept. Agr., and refer-ences there given. INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE APPLE AND PEAR 593 It is probably our most common scale insect, being almost alwaysfound on apple trees, on which it works on the bark or the twigsand trunk, reproducing even on old trunks, where the scales willbe found under the loose bark and are luidoubtedly a factor incausing the bark to slough off. All of the common orchard treesare occasionally infested but rarely injured, as are also maple,poplar, horse-chestnut, willow and lilac. Quaintance and Sasscer. FiG. 447.—The oyster-shell scale {Lepidosaphcs idmi Linn.): a, femalescales on twig; b, female scales from above; c, same from below showingeggs; d, male scale—enlarged. (After Howard.) give a list of over 100 trees, shrubs, and plants upon which thescales have been found. The species is a cosmopolitan one,being introduced into this country at an early date and nowbeing found in every State, and occufs throughout the world wherethe food-plants exist. The mature female scale is about one-eighth inch long, of adark-brown color, sometimes almost blackish, and shaped somewhat like an oyster-shell, as shown in Fig. 447. The male scale is 594 INSECT PESTS OF FARM, GARDEN AND ORCHARD much smaller, and with but one cant .skui at the anterior end, asshown in the same figure. Life History.—If one of the female scales be turned over duringthe winter, numerous oval, white eggs will be found under it,with the shriveled body of the female insect tu
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