. Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11. Forests and forestry. 2B. Fig. 19. PLANTATION OF WlHTE PINF. Six o:fl from seod, about 2,()()0 trees, 2-3 feet high, per acre forests which were established artificially are now reaching maturity. Disadvantages of this method are becoming more evident and the foresters are gradually substituting the natural method for the ar- tificial. The natural regeneration of forests may take place in two ways: (1) By coppice and (2) by seed. By coppice is meant the shoots which spring up from the stump when the tree is cut (Figs. 23, 24, .69
. Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11. Forests and forestry. 2B. Fig. 19. PLANTATION OF WlHTE PINF. Six o:fl from seod, about 2,()()0 trees, 2-3 feet high, per acre forests which were established artificially are now reaching maturity. Disadvantages of this method are becoming more evident and the foresters are gradually substituting the natural method for the ar- tificial. The natural regeneration of forests may take place in two ways: (1) By coppice and (2) by seed. By coppice is meant the shoots which spring up from the stump when the tree is cut (Figs. 23, 24, .69, 79) and the suckers which spring up from the roots. Coppicing is a rather important method of reproduction in Pennsylvania since some of our most valuable species, like Chestnut, Ash, and Oak re- produce readily by this method. Natural seed regeneration leaves most of the work to nature. Man attempts to hasten it somewhat by regulated cutting in the stand and by wounding the soil so that the seeds will find a favorable mineral soil upon which to germinate. The trees which produce the seeds may be scattered singly, or occur in groups, in strips, or in opened stands. These trees are known as seed trees or mother trees. Some form of natural regeneration must be used in protection forests, is advisable for game and park forests, and applicable to the forests which are managed for the production of wood. In some cases it is advisable to begin with natural regeneration and then fill in artificially all places which are not stocked with Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Pennsylvania. Dept. of Forestry. Harrisburg, Pa. : The Department : WM. Stanley Ray, state printer of Pennsylvania
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