. Distribution and abundance of fishes and invertebrates in Gulf of Mexico estuaries. Fishes -- Mexico, Gulf of; Estuaries -- Mexico, Gulf of. Grass shrimp Palaemonetes pugio Adult. 1 cm (from Heard 1979) Common Name: grass shrimp Scientific Name: Palaemonetes pugio Other Common Names: daggerblade grass shrimp (Williams et al. 1989), glass shrimp Classification (Williams et al. 1989) Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Crustacea Order: Decapoda Family: Palaemonidae There are several Palaemonetes species in es- tuarine waters, which are known collectively as "grass shrimp" (Camp pers. comm
. Distribution and abundance of fishes and invertebrates in Gulf of Mexico estuaries. Fishes -- Mexico, Gulf of; Estuaries -- Mexico, Gulf of. Grass shrimp Palaemonetes pugio Adult. 1 cm (from Heard 1979) Common Name: grass shrimp Scientific Name: Palaemonetes pugio Other Common Names: daggerblade grass shrimp (Williams et al. 1989), glass shrimp Classification (Williams et al. 1989) Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Crustacea Order: Decapoda Family: Palaemonidae There are several Palaemonetes species in es- tuarine waters, which are known collectively as "grass shrimp" (Camp pers. comm.). For the purposes of this life history summary, "grass shrimp" refers specifically to P. pugio, also known as "daggerblade grass shrimp" (Williams et al. 1989). Closely related "sister species" include P. vulgaris (marsh grass shrimp), P. interme- dius (brackish grass shrimp), P. kadiakensis (Missis- sippi grass shrimp), and P. paiudosus (riverine grass shrimp) (Hedgepeth 1966, Williams et al. 1989). Value: Commercial: The grass shrimp has little commercial value. It is available for sale through commercial biological suppliers for use in toxicity testing (Buikema et al. 1980). It is also sometimes sold in pet stores as live food for aquarium fish (Anderson 1985). Recreational: The grass shrimp has little recreational value (Anderson 1985). Anglers catch grass shrimp to use as live bait for game fish (Huner 1979). In Louisi- ana, preserved grass shrimp are also sold as bait in some fishing shops. Indicatorof Environmental Stress: This species is often used for LD50 bioassays for petroleum hydrocarbons because it is usually a common inhabitant of estuarine systems. It has also been used to study toxicity and bioaccumulation of heavy metals, insecticides, petro- leum hydrocarbons, and suspended particulate sedi- ments (Schimmel and Wilson 1977, Anderson 1985, Khan et al. 1989, Moore 1989, Rice et al. 1989, Thorpe and Costlow 1989, Burton and Fishe
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