A treatise on architecture and building construction . uilding, it is customary to excavateto water level before driving the piles. This is done inorder that the heads of the piles may be cut ofl: at the waterline, it being necessary that the piles be wholly under waterto prevent decay. 34. In excavating cellars, it is customary to leave a Ilin-ivay; that is, a part of the ground is sloped down from thebank to the cellar bottom, for the more convenient removal MAvS(3NRY. of the excavated material. In very deep cellars covering- alarge area, this runway is usually built of heavy plank sup-porte
A treatise on architecture and building construction . uilding, it is customary to excavateto water level before driving the piles. This is done inorder that the heads of the piles may be cut ofl: at the waterline, it being necessary that the piles be wholly under waterto prevent decay. 34. In excavating cellars, it is customary to leave a Ilin-ivay; that is, a part of the ground is sloped down from thebank to the cellar bottom, for the more convenient removal MAvS(3NRY. of the excavated material. In very deep cellars covering- alarge area, this runway is usually built of heavy plank sup-ported on wooden beams and posts. PROTECTION OF EXCAVATIONS. 35. Especial care should be taken, especially in cities,to properly protect the adjoining property, sidewalks, injury by the caving in of the bank during excavation. To against this, the banks or sides of the excava-tion are sheet piled, as shown in Fig. 1. Sheet piling consists of a plank cut to a point at the lowerend, placed closely in line, and driven into the ground against. Fig. 1. the bank of the excavation, as shown at {a), Fig. 1, which isa front elevation of sheet piling. At a is shown the pilingdriven into the cellar bottom d, against the bank of theexcavation. At (/?) is a section across the piling to showthe braces d placed against the batten e to retain the pilingin place against the earth pressure at the top. The stakeshown at/is driven in to keep the brace d from braces are usually spaced about 10 or 13 feet apart,and are necessary when the excavation is a deep one. 10 MASONRY. § 7 26. When the foundations of a new building go belowthose of the adjoining property, the adjacent walls must beimclerpinned, the method of doing which, will be describedin a subsequent section. REMOVAL, OF MATERIAL. 37. Blasting-.—In many cases, when rock is reached,blasting must be resorted to; in cities, this is a separatebranch of contracting, and the blasting is usually let as asubcontract. 3
Size: 1960px × 1275px
Photo credit: © The Reading Room / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1800, booksubjectarchitecture, booksubjectbuilding
