Operative surgery, for students and practitioners . terior surface of the kidneyis directed forward and outward, and is covered by the colica dextra artery and vein pass outward across the front ofthe right kidney underneath the peritoneum, and the colica sinistraartery and vein across the front of the left kidney underneath theperitoneum to supply the ascending and descending portion of thecolon. The descending part of the duodenum lies in front of theright kidney, the pancreas in front of the left kidney.(650) SURGICAL ANATOMY OF THE KIDNEY. 651 The upper part of the posterior
Operative surgery, for students and practitioners . terior surface of the kidneyis directed forward and outward, and is covered by the colica dextra artery and vein pass outward across the front ofthe right kidney underneath the peritoneum, and the colica sinistraartery and vein across the front of the left kidney underneath theperitoneum to supply the ascending and descending portion of thecolon. The descending part of the duodenum lies in front of theright kidney, the pancreas in front of the left kidney.(650) SURGICAL ANATOMY OF THE KIDNEY. 651 The upper part of the posterior surface of the kidney is separatedfrom the eleventh and twelfth ribs by the diaphragm and pleura;the lower part of the posterior surface of the kidney rests upon thequadratus lumboruni muscle which is covered by the anterior layerof the lumbar fascia. The inner border of the kidney is concave and is directed towardthe psoas muscle and tlie vertebral column. The inner border of thekidney really rests upon the edge of the psoas muscle and the organ. Fig. 297.—Right Kidney from Behind. Posterior part of the kidney cut awayto show the sinus and structures contained therein. A., renal artery; ,calices majores; , calices minores; P., pelvis of the kidney; T., renalvein. is thus tilted somewhat outward. This border of the kidney presentsa long, slit-like opening, the hiluni. Through the hilum the renalvessels, etc., pass into a comparatively large, narrow space betweenthe two halves of the kidney, called the sinus. The sinus lodges therenal vessels and the pelvis of the kidney. Within the sinus thepelvis of the kidney occupies a position posterior to the renal arteryand vein. The renal artery enters the hilum and divides, within thesinus, into two groups of branches: an anterior group, the larger,and a posterior group, the smaller. These two sets of branches aredisposed within the sinus in front of, and behind, the tubules that 653 UEINAEY SYSTEM. join to form th
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