Manual of pathology : including bacteriology, the technic of postmortems, and methods of pathologic research . ior margin of the ri^ht axilla,and finally to the startin<;^-point. In the i)resence of sj)ecial conditionssuch an incision might be ;cous; in most instances it is clearlyunnecessary. Abdominal Cavity.—First note the relative position and colorof the Hver. stomach, and intestines; and also the relations of theviscera to the costal and ensiform cartilages. The examination of thecavity is not of the organs individually, Imt of their relation to oneanother and to the walls; a
Manual of pathology : including bacteriology, the technic of postmortems, and methods of pathologic research . ior margin of the ri^ht axilla,and finally to the startin<;^-point. In the i)resence of sj)ecial conditionssuch an incision might be ;cous; in most instances it is clearlyunnecessary. Abdominal Cavity.—First note the relative position and colorof the Hver. stomach, and intestines; and also the relations of theviscera to the costal and ensiform cartilages. The examination of thecavity is not of the organs individually, Imt of their relation to oneanother and to the walls; also examine the serous membrane—theperitoneum. A careful search should be made for adhesions andother evidences of inflammation, recent or old, and for thickening andopacity of the serous membrane. The amount and character of anvfluid in the cavity must be noted, and, if in excess or otherwise abnormal,the source or cause of the morbid condition must be sought. Thecolor of the Hver should be observed before those changes incident tothe oxidation of the blood occur. Search carefully for perforations of. FiC. S.—COSTOTOME. the bowel, stomach, bladder, or gall-bladder, whenever the fluid in thecavity is abnormal. Note accurately the position of the diaphragm,ordinarily, on the right side it ascends as high as the fourth rib or inter-space; and on the left, to the fifth rib. Remove any fluid present inthe cavity before opening the thorax, otherwise fluids in the abdomenflow into the thoracic cavity and thereby complicate the examination. In infants the umbilicus must be examined carefully; the attachedcord or part of the cord and the fetal vessels should be closely inspectedand fully descrilied; so far as i)Ossil)Ie. the vessels should be examined forevidences of infection, throml)Osis, ami obliteration. Thoracic Cavity.—In the new-born when it is imi)ortant todetermine if resjnration had been established or if air had entered thelung it is well to ligate the trachea as soo
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