. The climate and weather of Baltimore . of the cold crisp air from a northwesthigh area, these periods of Indian Summer, or second summer, are amongthe most delightful days of the year. They constitute a temporaryhalt in the steady seasonal fall of temperature and the approach of realwinter weather. Tliere are similar periods in European weather butthere the characteristic charm of the American Indian Summer appearsto be less pronounced; of such among others are St. Martins Summer ofEngland; the Summer of St. Denis in France; and in Germany the Alt-weibersommer, or the old womans summer. 484
. The climate and weather of Baltimore . of the cold crisp air from a northwesthigh area, these periods of Indian Summer, or second summer, are amongthe most delightful days of the year. They constitute a temporaryhalt in the steady seasonal fall of temperature and the approach of realwinter weather. Tliere are similar periods in European weather butthere the characteristic charm of the American Indian Summer appearsto be less pronounced; of such among others are St. Martins Summer ofEngland; the Summer of St. Denis in France; and in Germany the Alt-weibersommer, or the old womans summer. 484 THE CLIMATE OF BALTIMORE A most interesting and instructive account of the occurrence of theterm Indian Summer in the literature of the early writers on Americais presented by Mr. Albert Matthews ^ of Boston, The author finds afteran exhaustive search in books on travel in North America that it isnot until the jeav 1794 that the expression Indian Summer occursat all, and not until the nineteenth century that it became wellestablished.^. Fig. 169.—The Weather of October 29, 1903 (Indian Summer). The earliest use of the term found by Mr. Matthews is in the following journal entry by Major Ebenezer Denny ^ while at Le Boeuf, a few miles from the present city of Erie, Pa., on October 13, 1794: Pleasant weather. The Indian Summer here. Frosty nights. There is very little agreement among writers who used the term as to the time of occurrence of the Indian Summer, or as to the length of the * Albert Matthews. The term Indian Summer. Monthly Weather Reviewfor January and February, 1902 (Washington, D. C).2 Military Journal. 1859, p. 198. MAUYLAND WEATHER SERVICE 485 period. This is, however, not surprising in view of the fact that thetype of pressure distribution which causes the characteristic weathermay develop at any time of the year. The meteorological conditions prevailing over the country on themorning of the 29th of October, 1903, at the beginning of a brief periodof Indian Su
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