. Twentieth century hand-book for steam engineers and electricians, with questions and answers .. . FIGURE 7. a sixty-inch boiler seven clamps, and a seventy-two-inch boiler would require eight clamps; the length ofa fire b*rick being about nine inches. In case of neededrepairs to the back end of the boiler the sections canbe lifted off, thus giving free access to all parts, andwhen the repairs are completed the arches can be resetwith very little trouble and much less expense than thebuilding of a solid arch would necessitate. This formof segmental arch allows ample freedom for expansion BOIL
. Twentieth century hand-book for steam engineers and electricians, with questions and answers .. . FIGURE 7. a sixty-inch boiler seven clamps, and a seventy-two-inch boiler would require eight clamps; the length ofa fire b*rick being about nine inches. In case of neededrepairs to the back end of the boiler the sections canbe lifted off, thus giving free access to all parts, andwhen the repairs are completed the arches can be resetwith very little trouble and much less expense than thebuilding of a solid arch would necessitate. This formof segmental arch allows ample freedom for expansion BOILER SETTINGS AND APPURTENANCES 31 of the boiler, in the direction of its length, withoutleaving an opening when the boiler contracts. The crosswise construction of arch bars, while afford-ing equal facility in repair work, is necessarily moreexpensive than the form here described, and is alsoopen to the objection that it cannot follow the con-tracting boiler and maintain a tight joint or connection. FIGURE 8. between the back arch and the rear head above thetubes. Boiler walls should always be well secured in bothdirections by tie rods extending throughout the entirelength and breadth of the setting, whether there be oneboiler or a battery of several. The bottom rodsshould be laid in place at the floor level when startingthe brick work, and the top rods extending transverselyacross the boilers can be laid on top of the boilers. 32 ENGINEERING The top rods extending from front to back can be laidin the side walls or rest on top of them. All tie rodsshould be at least one inch in diameter, and for batter-ies of several boilers they should be larger. The rodsshould extend three or four inches beyond the brickwork, with good threads and nuts on each end toreceive the buck stays. In laying down the transversetie rods they should be located so as to allow the buckstays to bind the brick work where the greatest con-centration of heat occurs. Horizontal boilers should always be set at l
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