The Council of Troubles was the special tribunal instituted on September 9, 1567 by Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba, governor-general of the Habsburg Netherlands on the orders of Philip II of Spain to punish the ringleaders of the recent political and religious troubles in the Netherlands. Due to the many death sentences pronounced by the tribunal, it also became known as the Council of Blood. This engraving shows the Council reviewing advice in 1568.

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Keywords: 1500s, 1560s, 1567, 1568, 16th, 3rd, alba, battles, blood, catholicism, century, christianity, council, de, duke, europe, fernando, habsburgs, hapsburg, history, ii, netherlands, persecution, philip, protestant, reformation, religious, spain, toledo, troubles, Álvarez