Manual of social science; being a condensation of the "Principles of social science" of . ld be com-pelled to produce all the commodities required for consump-tion, as of commerce there could be little or none, abroad orat home. To enable distant commerce to exist, the bulk ofcommodities must be reduced, and in the effort to accomplishthat object diversity of employment is necessarily diversity having arisen in England, all her efforts were OF CIIEMICAI. AND MECHANICAL CHANGES. 185 now given to preventing its appearance in tiny other part ofthe world, and thus to establi
Manual of social science; being a condensation of the "Principles of social science" of . ld be com-pelled to produce all the commodities required for consump-tion, as of commerce there could be little or none, abroad orat home. To enable distant commerce to exist, the bulk ofcommodities must be reduced, and in the effort to accomplishthat object diversity of employment is necessarily diversity having arisen in England, all her efforts were OF CIIEMICAI. AND MECHANICAL CHANGES. 185 now given to preventing its appearance in tiny other part ofthe world, and thus to establish the entire supremacy of thetrader and transporter over the producer. So oppressive a system as this had never before been im-agined. It sought everywhere to cause the bulky wool andcotton to travel thousands of miles in quest of the little spindleand loom, thus maintaining the size of all commodities at thelargest, and contracting to the smallest the aperture throughwhich they were required to pass, as here is represented:— CottoTi, corn, sugar, wool, and other raw materials of the Cloth and iron for the world. The quantity being great and the aperture naiTow it fol-lowed that the friction was immense, and that the greaterpart of the produce disappeared under the process to whichit was thus subjected. The larger the crop the higher werefreights, and the larger the charges for storage and insurance,but the smaller became the prices. As a consequence of thismost unnatural process farmers and planters were forced todeprecate the extension of production, for to them it wasfraught with ruin. Small crops, giving low freights andcharges, and high prices in the distant market, were profit-able,°whereas, large ones were injurious to all engaged in theculture of the earth. Until now, increase of population had been looked upon asan element of strength ; but as the British system came fairlyinto operation the modes of thought were changed, andgrowth of numbers came to be hel
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, booksubjecteconomics, bookyear18
