. The Encyclopaedia Britannica; ... A dictionary of arts, sciences and general literature. o pieces, tied together end to end, overthe winch between each separate pair of pegs, in whichcase the pieces revolve between the same pegs throughoutthe operation. Whichever method is followed, the opera-tion and results are precisely the same. The requiredquantity of cold water is admitted into the trough, thepieces are arranged on the winch, the dye-stuff is intro-duced, and the machinery set in motion. Steam is thenturned on, and the liquid is heated gently and graduallytill it reaches about 180° Fah
. The Encyclopaedia Britannica; ... A dictionary of arts, sciences and general literature. o pieces, tied together end to end, overthe winch between each separate pair of pegs, in whichcase the pieces revolve between the same pegs throughoutthe operation. Whichever method is followed, the opera-tion and results are precisely the same. The requiredquantity of cold water is admitted into the trough, thepieces are arranged on the winch, the dye-stuff is intro-duced, and the machinery set in motion. Steam is thenturned on, and the liquid is heated gently and graduallytill it reaches about 180° Fahr. The process is continuedfor from an hour and a quarter to about two hours, duringwhich time great care is taken to maintain the temperatureirrived at, and to keep the pieces in constant circulation inand out of the vat. On the completion of the operation§team is shut off, and the pieces are rinsed through coldWater, after which they are carefully and repeatedlywashed. Fig. 6 presents a sectional view of an apparatusflevised by Messrs Mather and Piatt for loose washing FiQ. 6.—Mather and Piatts Washing Apparatus In this machine there are two water-boxes a, b, and threebowls c, d, e, which are mounted horizontally iij relation toeach other. The central large bowl d, instead of beingcircular, has an irregular curved outline of alternateelevations and depressions. Against this irregular-shapedbowl the two side bowls c and e are made to press, andthey move back and forward, following the irregularoutline, pressed by powerful springs / acting on the axeson which they are mounted. They have thus a rubbingaction in addition to their motion of revolution, an arrange-ment which produces a kind of flapping and squeezingaction analagous to hand-washing. Clearing.—At this point the dyed calicoes present avery unpromising appearance, the mordanted portions whichhave absorbed the dye being dull and heavy in colour,while the whites have a sickly pink aspect. The operatio
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectencyclo, bookyear1902
