. Bulletin . ees at Planting Time. —When nursery stock isdug, a large part of theroot system is left in theground and the balancebetween roots and topsis destroyed. Since thisbalance is necessary forproper growth, the onlypossible method of re-storing it again is to re-move a part of the topto correspond with theloss of the roots. All the first growth inthe spring takes place atthe expense of plant foodstored up in the buds,branches, and roots. Thebuds open up in thespring as soon as the airbecomes warm, and soonbegin to draw on theroot system. The largerthe number of buds thatdraw on the root
. Bulletin . ees at Planting Time. —When nursery stock isdug, a large part of theroot system is left in theground and the balancebetween roots and topsis destroyed. Since thisbalance is necessary forproper growth, the onlypossible method of re-storing it again is to re-move a part of the topto correspond with theloss of the roots. All the first growth inthe spring takes place atthe expense of plant foodstored up in the buds,branches, and roots. Thebuds open up in thespring as soon as the airbecomes warm, and soonbegin to draw on theroot system. The largerthe number of buds thatdraw on the root, thelarger will be the , proper pruningreduces the number ofbuds so that the plant will get a balanced ration of both the leafand root food. A 1-year-old tree has a straight shoot for a topwhich should be cut back at planting time so that the future headwill form below the cut (see Fig. 9). This is usually 21/2 to 3 feetabove the ground. The first limb should be about 2 or 3 feet fromthe (a) (b) Fig. 9.—(a) One-year-old apple tree as it comes fromthe nursery before pruning, (b) Same tree after prun-ing. Top has been cut back to 30 inches. 17 The next season this 1-year-old tree will begin to branch outand form scaffold limbs. The modified central leader type of train-ing has proved to be the most desirable and makes the strongesttree (see Fig. 10). This type has one strong central branch around which thescaffold limbs are spaced. The central branch is the dominant
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