The world: historical and actual . in Europe between liberty anddespotism. And now comes into conspicuous prominenceseveral cities of Italy, once mighty factors in theworlds work. First of these was Venice, queen ofthe Adriatic, which was founded by Roman citi-zens when Alaric and Attila invaded the city avoided, as far as possible, the troubles were independent states, Genoa from the begin-ning of the eleventh century. These three repub-lics are medieval in origin. Their early annals areshrouded in impenetrable mystery, but their pettycontests and rivalries would not be of intere
The world: historical and actual . in Europe between liberty anddespotism. And now comes into conspicuous prominenceseveral cities of Italy, once mighty factors in theworlds work. First of these was Venice, queen ofthe Adriatic, which was founded by Roman citi-zens when Alaric and Attila invaded the city avoided, as far as possible, the troubles were independent states, Genoa from the begin-ning of the eleventh century. These three repub-lics are medieval in origin. Their early annals areshrouded in impenetrable mystery, but their pettycontests and rivalries would not be of interest ifpreserved. Later, but similar, were the origins ofNaples, Amain and Gaeta. Genoa, the birth-placeof Columbus, was long the queen of the Mediterra-nean, and the Genoese are still the best sailors onthat sea. The Venetian aristocracy, it may be ad-ded, long bloody and tyrannical, still cherishes thepride of the Doges. The sea, now receding fromthe lagoons, renders hopeless all attempts to regain ste. 186 ITALY AND THE a footing among the mighty cities of Europe. Flor-ence, Milan. Pavia and Palermo each, are citiesreplete with interest to one minutely studying Italy. The real significance of Italian history is not inthe rivalries of petty statesand factions. The sov-ereigns who deserve atten-tion are the Popes, andnot the Guelphs and , the Borgiasand the Medici. It wasnot until Victor Emanueland Garibaldi arose thata single name, military orpolitical, acquired suffi-cient importance to meritconsideration, beyond thesphere of the Papacy Italy presents no pointof special political interestuntil the house of Savoyappears above the 1870 was accomplishedthe unification of Italy with Rome as its this illustrious house of Savoy, under which thisgrand result was obtained, there were three CharlesEmanuels, three rulersbearing the name of Vic-tor Aniadeus. and twoVictor Emanuels, allcreditable rulers and menof some genius, the mostillustriou
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, booksubjectworldhistory, bookyea
