. Science of railways . and a strongwearing action on the tire, and, as distributed in theskeleton design, cuts away tlie outer tread and top offlange, thus tending to maintain the original tire out-Uned. Shopping engines for tire turning is largelyprevented or delayed by the use of the steel shoe, andthe expense of locomotive maintenance considerablyreduced. The skeleton steel brake shoe is stronglyrecommended for freight, switching and suburbanservice, and where tires are rapidly worn into by theaction on the rail. The Skeleton Steel Insert Shoe, Fig. 3, is recom-mended for general locomotiv
. Science of railways . and a strongwearing action on the tire, and, as distributed in theskeleton design, cuts away tlie outer tread and top offlange, thus tending to maintain the original tire out-Uned. Shopping engines for tire turning is largelyprevented or delayed by the use of the steel shoe, andthe expense of locomotive maintenance considerablyreduced. The skeleton steel brake shoe is stronglyrecommended for freight, switching and suburbanservice, and where tires are rapidly worn into by theaction on the rail. The Skeleton Steel Insert Shoe, Fig. 3, is recom-mended for general locomotive service. It is not sosevere a tire dresser as the all-steel shoe, but is more generallyused. It consists of a body ofcast iron having inserts of a spe-cial crucible steel disposed alongthe face of the shoe where it con-PiG. 3. tacts with the tire outside of the Skeleton Insert shoe-iimits of rail wcar. Thcscinsertsremain constant, being unchanged by the heat offriction, presenting hard and uniform cutting edges. LOCOMOTIVE APPLIANCES. 173 which are exposed by the grinding away of the castiron between them, and act hke milling tool cutters indressing down the tire. The skeleton design removesmuch of the shoe metal from against the throat of thewheel flange and over the line of rail wear; the broadsurfaces of soft cast iron at each end of the shoe andthe large area surrounding the inserts afford ampleholding power, while the inserts by their hardnessinsure durability and cutting action on the tire. The skeleton steel insert shoe is designed for allclasses of locomotive service and its use insuresincreased engine mileage between tire turnings andincreased brake efficiency. The Improved Combination Brake Shoe, Fig. 4, isdesigned for those who desire great durability com-bined with wearing action on thetire. It consists of a body of castiron having high chilling proper-ties; diagonal grooves along theouter tread, and depressions in theflange-bearing portions made bymetal chi
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