. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. SCROPHULARINEAE 213 corolla-tube pursues a straight course for about 3 mm. and then bends at right angles. This not only prevents the abundant nectar from running out, but deters the thievish humble-bee Bombus mastrucatus Gerst. from stealing, for it finds it difficult to insert its proboscis round the sharp bend. Self-pollination is excluded. Visitors.—The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities stated.— Herm. Miiller, 7 humble-bees


. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. SCROPHULARINEAE 213 corolla-tube pursues a straight course for about 3 mm. and then bends at right angles. This not only prevents the abundant nectar from running out, but deters the thievish humble-bee Bombus mastrucatus Gerst. from stealing, for it finds it difficult to insert its proboscis round the sharp bend. Self-pollination is excluded. Visitors.—The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities stated.— Herm. Miiller, 7 humble-bees, 7 Lepidoptera, and a Bombylius. Loew (Heuthal), the humble-bee Bombus alticola Krchb. 5, skg. ('Blutenbiol. Floristik,' P- 399)' MacLeod (Pyrenees), a humble-bee skg. legitimately (Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, iii, 1891, p. 315). 2159. P. tuberosa L. (Herm. Miiller, ' Alpenblumen,' pp. 301-2; Kerner, ' Nat. Hist. PI.,' Eng. Ed. i, II, p. 376.)—The flower mechanism of this species agrees pretty well with that of P. asplenifoha, but the lower lip is not so Fig. 310. Pedicularis tuberosa^ L. (after Herm. Miiller). Upper lip in longitudinal section. //' and kk\ long and short stamens. The uppermost part of the filaments is beset with hairs to prevent the pollen from being scattered at the side. The corolla-tube is 9 mm. long. Kerner says that autogamy is effected in much the same way as in P. incamata. 2160. P. lapponica L. (Warming, Bot. Tids., Kjobenhavn, xvii, 1890, pp. 219-20; Schneider, Troms0 Mus. Aarsh., 1894; Abromeit, 'Bot. Ergeb. von Drygalski's Gronlandsexped.,' p. 42.)—Warming examined this species on the Dovrefjeld, and describes the flowers as smelling like roses, and possessing a mechanism similar to that of P. Oederi Vahl. But as the lower lip is still more oblique, it would appear to be more strongly adapted to entomophily than other related forms. In accordance with this, according to Aurivillius, the style is widely exserted, so that insect vi


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