. The Eastern Bering Sea Shelf : oceanography and resources / edited by Donald W. Hood and John A. Calder . Figure 60-1. Geographical locations in the Bering Sea. COMMERCIAL SPECIES NORTH AMERICAN FISHERIES The Bering Sea supports about 300 species of fish, most of which live on or near the bottom (Wilimovsky 1974). About 24 species from the demersal or semidemersal group are presently used as food fish. Only six species, because of their abundance or high market value, are consistently targeted by foreign and domestic fisheries; five more species are occasionally targeted (Table 60-1). The 13
. The Eastern Bering Sea Shelf : oceanography and resources / edited by Donald W. Hood and John A. Calder . Figure 60-1. Geographical locations in the Bering Sea. COMMERCIAL SPECIES NORTH AMERICAN FISHERIES The Bering Sea supports about 300 species of fish, most of which live on or near the bottom (Wilimovsky 1974). About 24 species from the demersal or semidemersal group are presently used as food fish. Only six species, because of their abundance or high market value, are consistently targeted by foreign and domestic fisheries; five more species are occasionally targeted (Table 60-1). The 13 remaining species are relatively sparse, and they form only an incidental part of catches. Incidental catches of nonfood fish, such as sculpins (family Cottidae), may be reduced to fish meal along with wastes from filleting operations and undersized food fish. A summary of the biological characteristics of the most important commercial species is given in Table 60-2. Although the use of Bering Sea bottomfish re- sources by and Canadian fishermen has been relatively minor, fishing activities date back more than a hundred years. Pacific cod was the first species taken, initially in the course of an exploratory effort involving a single schooner in 1864, and then annually starting in 1882. Vessels operated from ports in Washington and California and from shore stations in the eastern Aleutian Islands (Cobb 1927). Canadian vessels also participated in the fishery to a limited extent. Throughout its history, the Bering Sea cod fishery was conducted largely by sailing schooners, and fishing was by handlines from one- man dories. Fishing areas extended along the north side of Unimak Island and the Alaska Peninsula to Bristol Bay from depths of about 25-100 m (Cobb 1927).
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