. Annual report on essential oils, synthetic perfumes, &c. Essences and essential oils; Perfumes. Commercial and scientific notes on essential Commercial Notes and Scientific Information on Essential Oils. Almond Oil, bitter. —The formula (I) of a mandelo-nitrileglucoside, which is now accepted for the constitution of amygdalin, may be considered as well established. Attempts made to separate the disaccharide as such from the mandelic acid nitrile residue had in general merely led to the splitting of the glucoside into glucose and mandelic acid nitrile glucoside. Only recently Giaja
. Annual report on essential oils, synthetic perfumes, &c. Essences and essential oils; Perfumes. Commercial and scientific notes on essential Commercial Notes and Scientific Information on Essential Oils. Almond Oil, bitter. —The formula (I) of a mandelo-nitrileglucoside, which is now accepted for the constitution of amygdalin, may be considered as well established. Attempts made to separate the disaccharide as such from the mandelic acid nitrile residue had in general merely led to the splitting of the glucoside into glucose and mandelic acid nitrile glucoside. Only recently Giaja1) succeeded, by means of enzymes from the intestines of snails, in decomposing amygdalin directly into mandelic acid nitrile and a disaccharide. Little is known concerning the nature of this disaccharide which is supposed to be of the trehalose type and which does not reduce Fehling's solution. The assumption of E. Fischer, that this sugar was maltose or a very similar disaccharide, is not confirmed by the observations of Caldwell and Courtauld2), H. ter Meulen3) and A. Bau4). P. Karrer, C. Nageli and L. Lang5) have recently attempted to decide whether the amygdalin-disaccharide might possibly be cellobiose; they have been able to disprove this assumption. Not succeeding in the originally-intended synthesis of mandelo-nitrile- celloside, they prepared on the one hand, hepta-acetyl cellosido-mandelic acid (II, in crystals of m. p. 179 to 182°; [«]D — 44°) from inactive silver mandelate and aceto- bromocellobiose, and on the other hand from amygdalin, hepta-acetyl amygdalinic acid (amorphous, m. p. uncertain between 60 and 100°; [«]D + 21°). Since these two bodies, which were both hydrolysed by emulsin and were hence of glucoside character, were totally different from one another, it followed, that amygdalinic acid is not identical with cellosido-mandelic acid, and that the sugar of amygdalin cannot be a cellobiose. C6rVC^-0—C12H21On C6rVO~0— —Ci2H14On(COCH3), XC
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