Contributions in geographical exploration . Dec, 1918] Are the Ten Thousand Smokes Real Volcanoes. li;j -?>. >^^^H ll*!---- ^-^^ • s q: o w — H cj --^ :s bc U c w o o 2t: w fa C ^ fc O tn X o o y o ^ 114 The Ohio Journal of Science [Vol. XIX, No. 2, the other smokes by which it is surrounded. Like them it isan absokitely new volcano, having burst forth in a situationwhere no volcanic activity had ever previously occurred. Itscrater, which is mile ( km.) in diameter, is occupiedby a plug of cooling lava that recalls the remarkable spineof Mt. Pelee. This plug is, however, much les
Contributions in geographical exploration . Dec, 1918] Are the Ten Thousand Smokes Real Volcanoes. li;j -?>. >^^^H ll*!---- ^-^^ • s q: o w — H cj --^ :s bc U c w o o 2t: w fa C ^ fc O tn X o o y o ^ 114 The Ohio Journal of Science [Vol. XIX, No. 2, the other smokes by which it is surrounded. Like them it isan absokitely new volcano, having burst forth in a situationwhere no volcanic activity had ever previously occurred. Itscrater, which is mile ( km.) in diameter, is occupiedby a plug of cooling lava that recalls the remarkable spineof Mt. Pelee. This plug is, however, much less conspicuous,being much broader, 800 ft., (250 m.) than high, 200 ft., (60 m.). Photograph by P. R. Hagelharger DETAIL FROM THE LARVA PLUG AND CRATER RIM OFNOVARUPTA. The broken pile of lava is about 200 feet high. From this plug of lava are still given off great quantities ofgases which in calm weather ascend 10,000 ft. into the air,forming great clouds that obscure the sky for miles around(see page 113). The history of Novarupta began with a periodof explosive activity, during which it threw out a great mass ofash and pumice, forming deposits 50 feet thick or more inthe vicinity of the vent. This explosive activity, which isshown by the sequence of the deposits to have occurred beforethat of Katmai, was much less violent than that of its greater Dec, 1918] Are the Ten Thousand Smokes Real Volecuwes^ 115 neighbor, as may be judged from (a) the larger size of theeinders thrown out; (b) the greater depth of the depositsimmediately around the vent, (see cut belowj; (c) their lesserdistribution, for they cannot be identified beyond a few milesfrom the volcano. At th
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