. Better fruit. Fruit-culture. ENTRY NO. 4~THE CUSHMAN POWER SPRAYER, WHICH WON THE GOLD MEDAL IN THE POWER SPRAYER CLASS, AT HORTICULTURAL CONGRESS, COUNCIL BLUFFS, 1910 beneficial results of such a fungicide as bordeaux. Foggy conditions, however, produced decidely different results from rain. The deleterious substances dis- solved in rain water are largely washed ofif the foliage by the rain itself, whereas dew usually merely wets the foliage and then dries up. There is very little of the washing process. Thus each time dew collects upon the foliage a small amount of spray material is apt t
. Better fruit. Fruit-culture. ENTRY NO. 4~THE CUSHMAN POWER SPRAYER, WHICH WON THE GOLD MEDAL IN THE POWER SPRAYER CLASS, AT HORTICULTURAL CONGRESS, COUNCIL BLUFFS, 1910 beneficial results of such a fungicide as bordeaux. Foggy conditions, however, produced decidely different results from rain. The deleterious substances dis- solved in rain water are largely washed ofif the foliage by the rain itself, whereas dew usually merely wets the foliage and then dries up. There is very little of the washing process. Thus each time dew collects upon the foliage a small amount of spray material is apt to dis- solve, if it is at all soluble in atmospheric moisture, and with the alternate wetting and drying of the foliage, and no actual washing ofif, extremely minute quantities of a toxic substance may eventually accumulate in sufficient amounts in the leaf to cause injury. This is no doubt the explanation of the extreme sensitive- ness of apple foliage in this section to spray materials in general, and is prob- ably the explanation of certain difficulties that have been met with in the apple mildew investigation. The solution of the mildew problem in Pajaro Valley may be of more than local value, for new and non-injurious fungi- cides are much needed east of the Rocky Mountains, and it is hoped that the exacting conditions of this section will lead to the development of something usueful in those localities where similar, but not so severe, climatic conditions prevail at times. Since the soluble sulphides are out of the question, if sulphur is to be used at all it must be in an insoluble form, and at present the matter is sifted down to the use of sulphur itself. But while. PLANT LICE Green Apple Aphis: 1, Young stem mother; 2, Adult stem mother; 3, Adult apterous viviparous female, second generation; 4, Young female, sec- ond generation; 5, Winged viviparous female of third generation; 6, Pupa of preceding; 7 and 8, Apterous male and female. Woolly Apple Aphis: 9, Apterous vi
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