. Bulletin. Ethnology. 52 DUREATJ OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [boll. 69. token of the truth of their victory. This castle has two gates, one on the east side and one on the west side. On the east side a lock of hair was also hanging; but this gate was 1£ feet smaller than the other one. . This castle is situated on a very high hill, and was sur- rounded with two rows of palisades. It was 767 paces in circum- ference. There are 66 houses, but much better, higher, and more finished than all the others we saw. A good many houses had wooden fronts that are painted with all sorts of beasts. There they sl
. Bulletin. Ethnology. 52 DUREATJ OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [boll. 69. token of the truth of their victory. This castle has two gates, one on the east side and one on the west side. On the east side a lock of hair was also hanging; but this gate was 1£ feet smaller than the other one. . This castle is situated on a very high hill, and was sur- rounded with two rows of palisades. It was 767 paces in circum- ference. There are 66 houses, but much better, higher, and more finished than all the others we saw. A good many houses had wooden fronts that are painted with all sorts of beasts. There they sleep mostly on elevated boards, more than any other ; Seldom were the outsides of dwellings of tribes east of the Mississippi decorated in any manner, consequently this reference is of special interest. However, the lack of decoration should probably be attributed to the nature of the structures rather than to any other cause, as the mat-covered habitations of the Algonquian tribes did not present a good surface for painting. But among the southern people houses were sometimes deco- rated. This will be described later. Westward beyond the Oneida lay the Onondaga, at whose chief town, Onondaga, burned the Great Council Fire of the League of the Iroquois. This most important village was removed from place to place, but always remained within a rather small radius, and many of the various sites which have been discovered in the southeastern part of the present Onondaga County may at some time have been occupied by this town, which should be termed the capital of the league. On July 21, 1743, when Bartram and his party arrived at Onondaga they stopped before the council house where they were received by the chiefs who had gathered to greet them. They were conducted to the apartments at both ends of the long house (fig. 2). These they were to occupy during their stay. Their Indian attendants were given adjoining apartments. Fortunately an interesting description of the
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