. Cost, capitalization and estimated value of American railways; . uctures, weresubsequently completed. The cost of the road without theseincidentals in 1834 was as follows: 65 Cost of the Columbia and Philadelphia Railway in 1834- Miles: Grading Culverts Viaducts or railway briilges Roads and farm bridges Fencing Raihvaj supei-structure, Building and Machinery Engineering and superintendence Damages Repairs Incidentals Alteration to accommodate the city of Lancaster. Total $3,754,577. 20 649,, 327, 42, 65, ,181, 111, 133,,,451.


. Cost, capitalization and estimated value of American railways; . uctures, weresubsequently completed. The cost of the road without theseincidentals in 1834 was as follows: 65 Cost of the Columbia and Philadelphia Railway in 1834- Miles: Grading Culverts Viaducts or railway briilges Roads and farm bridges Fencing Raihvaj supei-structure, Building and Machinery Engineering and superintendence Damages Repairs Incidentals Alteration to accommodate the city of Lancaster. Total $3,754,577. 20 649,, 327, 42, 65, ,181, 111, 133,,,,, To which there was subsequently added the following items: Locomotive engines Additional buildings, turnouts Retained percentage on former contracts New ropes at inclined planes Embankment at Mauls bridge Renewal of wooden track Rebuilding Valley Creek bridge destroyed by road to avoid Columbia inclined plane Grand Total. Per mile. 327, 37, 5, 11, 1, 18, 17, 118, $4,296,, First Locomotive Used on Pennsylvania Railroad. In the details of these accounts it appears that locomotivescost $6,720 each, and the cars, which were the property of pri-vate individuals, $2,000 for passenger and $275 for freight the state furnished the steam motive power, provisionwas made for horse power by laying a horse path of broken 66 stone from 6 to 9 inches deep. The owners of the cars paidtoll to the state and collected 4 cents a mile from passengersand 9-14/100 cents per mile for a ton of goods. Two items in the above statement are especially instructive—that for alterations to accommodate Lancaster and that forthe new road to avoid Columbia inclined plane. It is impossibleto estimate the cost of changes made in American railway routesto accommodate various communities, or of new construction toremedy original misconstruction in levels and alignments, asthe field broadened. Cost of the Alleg


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