. Europe in Africa in the nineteenth century . king preparationsfor a joint expedition to Suez. At this time, however, M. Gambetta was displaced in theFrench ministry, and his successor declined to co-operatein the expedition. Great was the wrath of M. de Lessepswhen the English, having ascertained that Arabi was goingto use the canal for war purposes, took possession of PortSaid, and of Ismailia, while at Suez they were already land-ing troops from India to co-operate with Sir Garnet Wolseley. The English soldiers suffered terribly from sunstroke, anda good deal from want of provisions. Arabi


. Europe in Africa in the nineteenth century . king preparationsfor a joint expedition to Suez. At this time, however, M. Gambetta was displaced in theFrench ministry, and his successor declined to co-operatein the expedition. Great was the wrath of M. de Lessepswhen the English, having ascertained that Arabi was goingto use the canal for war purposes, took possession of PortSaid, and of Ismailia, while at Suez they were already land-ing troops from India to co-operate with Sir Garnet Wolseley. The English soldiers suffered terribly from sunstroke, anda good deal from want of provisions. Arabi had put a damacross the canal of Sweet Waters, which carries the waterof the Nile across the desert, and a slight engagement wasfought to get possession of this water-supply. The dam hadbeen very ingeniously made of bundles of rushes tied to-gether with telegraph wires. Nothing would explode them,and it was several days before English soldiers, bit by bit,succeeded in destroying the dam. Arabis telegrams to Cairo appropriating to himself the. GENERAL SIR GARNET WOLSELEY ARAB I PASHA. 5 5 victory every time he engaged the EngHsh, do not differmuch from the telegrams of many other generals, exceptthat their Mohammedan piety sounds strangely to us whorarely send the name of God along a telegraph wire. Thushe telegraphs to the rebel ministry at Cairo, August 28, 1882 : When the horses have been watered, there will be acharge, please God. Give us the aid of your pure prayersasking for succor from the Lord Almighty. And later : I pray God for help against all His God to help all true believers ! What was the situation of the Suez Canal at the time ofthe English occupation ? Arabi Pasha as the de facto rulerof the country was practically carrying on war with theBritish nation, and his forces were occupying places in theneighborhood of the canal, and even on the canal competent for the Sultan, as the suzerainof Egypt to put an end both to Arabi


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