James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879), Scottish scientist and leading theoretical physicist. His major work was on light and electromagnetic waves, and set
James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879), Scottish scientist and leading theoretical physicist. His major work was on light and electromagnetic waves, and set the theoretical foundations of electric field theory in his Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism (1873), where he established the complete electromagnetic theory of light based on the ideas of Michael Faraday. He showed that oscillating charges produced waves in an electromagnetic field, and that these waves had the same velocity as light. This led him to predict other forms of electromagnetic radiation, such as radio waves. His equations introduced the value c for the speed of light. He also worked on the motions of molecules in a gas, and showed that Saturn's rings must be composed of numerous particles.
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