. The American carnation, how to grow it ... Carnations. Bench Construction variations of heat and cold in about the same proportion that iron will con- tract and expand. If the contraction and expansion are not provided for by means of expansion joints, many cracks will come into the benches at various points, proving a great annoyance and detriment to the successful working of sub-irrigation. By means of these expansion joints the cracks are avoided, and the bench can be maintained perfectly tight. The sides of the bench are composed of cypress strips one and one-quarter inches in thickness,
. The American carnation, how to grow it ... Carnations. Bench Construction variations of heat and cold in about the same proportion that iron will con- tract and expand. If the contraction and expansion are not provided for by means of expansion joints, many cracks will come into the benches at various points, proving a great annoyance and detriment to the successful working of sub-irrigation. By means of these expansion joints the cracks are avoided, and the bench can be maintained perfectly tight. The sides of the bench are composed of cypress strips one and one-quarter inches in thickness, and six inches wide, which are fastened firmly to the iron knees by ineans of round- headed tinned screws. (See drawinsr. which shows the construction of the. Suh-Irn'gation Bench Tiles in place ready for cementing sub-irrigation bench better than any description can convey.) It is our prac- tice to build these benches in sections about fifty feet in length, the ends of the benches, and the division between the sections, being made by filling in with hard brick, set in the same cement as is used for the bottom. In the center of each division an inch pipe is fitted in the bottom of the bench by means of a collar. This pipe is dropped through a hole made in the terra cotta, and is held firmly in place by short lugs. In making a bench, a wooden plug is put into the end of the pipe and the cement is run around the plug and over the iron collar. When the cement hardens, this holds the pipe firmly. The wooden plug is then removed, and in troweling down, the cement is finished with a slope toward the hole, so that water will naturally drain off the bottom of the bench through the pipe. All sub-irrigation benches should be built. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Ward, Charles Willis. New York, A. T.
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Photo credit: © Library Book Collection / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectcarnati, bookyear1903
