. Applied anatomy and kinesiology. gh and with as much forceas possible, the pelvis must be flexed on the trunk. This cannotbe done because of the iliofemoral ligament unless the supportingknee is flexed; when this knee is flexed a little the abdominal musclescan lift the front of the pelvis. In this case the weight is thrownso far backward that the arms must be raised up and forward tokeep the balance, which brings in the arm-raising group. The strongest kick of the ball that one can make requires thenthe strong action of the extensors of both knees, with the support-ing knee slightly bent; s
. Applied anatomy and kinesiology. gh and with as much forceas possible, the pelvis must be flexed on the trunk. This cannotbe done because of the iliofemoral ligament unless the supportingknee is flexed; when this knee is flexed a little the abdominal musclescan lift the front of the pelvis. In this case the weight is thrownso far backward that the arms must be raised up and forward tokeep the balance, which brings in the arm-raising group. The strongest kick of the ball that one can make requires thenthe strong action of the extensors of both knees, with the support-ing knee slightly bent; strong flexion of the hip on the kicking side;strong work of the ankle extensors and hip abductors and extensors 292 PLAYS, GAMES AND SPORTS of the supporting side; moderate action of the abdominal musclesand the arm-raising group. This is the style of kick made by goal keepers in soccer in a kick-out and by players in the Rugby type of game in the kick-off. Adrop-kick requires the same form of kick without the high lift ofthe Fig. 179.—Punting the football. (Photo by Underwood and Underwood.) In punting and in advancing the ball in soccer the kick is givenwith the inside of the foot just in front of the instep, the wholelimb being rotated outward in the hip. This position and a sidesweep of the foot that is used brings in the adductors of both sides,in addition to the muscles named before. The abductors of thefoot are also active. Locomotion.—Locomotion, as seen in games and sports, includeswalking, running, hurdling, jumping, vaulting, climbing, rowing,paddling and bicycling. Walking, as used in play activities, has no special featuresbeyond what has already been explained. Running in general is PLAYS, GAMES AND SPORTS 293 the same as that considered in Chapter IX except the cronchingstart and the swing of the arms used in sprint racing. In the crouching start (Fig. 180) the trunk is horizontal, the armshelping a little in supporting the weight but mostly in keeping
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