. The fruit garden. Fruit-culture; Fruit trees. 164 THE FRUIT GARDEN. Espalier Pruning Established plants, showing—(c) fruited canes cut out in pruning; (/) succes- sional bearing canes pruned back to well ripened wood, as the sappy and immature extremities cannot be'.;relied upon to bear fine fruit. October. It is not uncommon to find a few rows of these double bearers (an unfortunate name, by-the-bye) grow- ing with the summer sorts, and from them some late dishes are obtained ; but the culture which requires two crops from the plants defeats the object for which they are grown, as the first
. The fruit garden. Fruit-culture; Fruit trees. 164 THE FRUIT GARDEN. Espalier Pruning Established plants, showing—(c) fruited canes cut out in pruning; (/) succes- sional bearing canes pruned back to well ripened wood, as the sappy and immature extremities cannot be'.;relied upon to bear fine fruit. October. It is not uncommon to find a few rows of these double bearers (an unfortunate name, by-the-bye) grow- ing with the summer sorts, and from them some late dishes are obtained ; but the culture which requires two crops from the plants defeats the object for which they are grown, as the first crop, borne on last year's canes, strains their resources and prevents the second crop, borne on canes of the current year's growth, from being anything but an average one. Why it is left for raspberries to produce two crops while we are content with one of any other fruit is a mystery. The summer crop on the autumn bearers (such as Belle de Fon- tenay, the best and finest, and the red and yellow Four Seasons, which are both very prolific) is not necessary, as the regular summer bearers should then be providing quite sufficient. My practice is to cut down the autumn fruiters to the ground in February or March, and to thin out the new suckers which appear soon after sufficiently to allow them plenty of room. Any extra strong sucker which may appear well ahead of the rest should be cut away, as this in a cold season will continue growing without fruiting, and weaken the medium-sized growths. From about forty yards' run of canes I have picked, about the middle of October, 18 lbs. of as fine fruit as one could wish to see. Autumn raspberries, like the summer varieties, enjoy liberal treatment, and the ground when being prepared should at least be deeply dug, and as the beds ought to last for many years some good manure from the stockyard, together with any bones, burnt rubbish, and anything that will tend permanently to enrich the soil should be dug in. October and November are
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