American practice of surgery : a complete system of the science and art of surgery . Fig. 291.—Blunt Ligature Carrier. needle, the most important change being from the sharp point and cuttingedge to a blunt point and edge. They are made right and left, but a surgeonusually needs but one (Fig. 291). The Cleveland ligature carrier (Fig. 292) is a very convenient economizes time and material because it has no eye to be threaded andbecause the ligature can be caught at the extreme end and is more likely to betied without waste. 748 AMERICAN PRACTICE OF SURGERY. Retractors.—Retractors
American practice of surgery : a complete system of the science and art of surgery . Fig. 291.—Blunt Ligature Carrier. needle, the most important change being from the sharp point and cuttingedge to a blunt point and edge. They are made right and left, but a surgeonusually needs but one (Fig. 291). The Cleveland ligature carrier (Fig. 292) is a very convenient economizes time and material because it has no eye to be threaded andbecause the ligature can be caught at the extreme end and is more likely to betied without waste. 748 AMERICAN PRACTICE OF SURGERY. Retractors.—Retractors are often necessary, Ijut they are also often usedtoo much and too harshly. Many injuries have been caused by these instru-ments, when the patient was unconscious, that would not have occured duringconsciousness. A very important part of a surgeon sduty toward his patient isto see that he is i)roperly i)rotocted from injury of all kinds when helpless from. Fig. 292.—Clevelands Ligature Carrier. the anirsthetic, and one of the conmion injuries to which he is subjectis that caused by improperly constructed or unskilfully handled retractors. Thesharj)-pointed retractors should rarely be used except when applied to .-^ome tissuewhich is to be removed, because they lacerate the tissues. Smooth retractors(Fig. 293) of various sizes will meet nearly every indication. The self-retain- f Fig. — Blunt Retractor. ing abdominal retractor (Fig. 294) is a very heljjful instrument. The amountof jjressure made by it can be regulated l)y the one who applies it. It shouldbe rememberetl that this or any other retractor will damage the tissue whenapplied with too great force or for too long a time. The special advantageof this instrument is that it takes the place of two hands, thus reducing the GENERAL SURGICAL TREATMENT. 749 number of assistants, which is always an ach-antage. The handles rest overthe patients thighs, out of the surg
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Keywords: ., bookauthorbuckalbe, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, bookyear1906
