A manual of obstetrics . Fig. 67.—Knee Fig. 68.—Foot presentation. almost complete extension of the lower limbs, constitutingthe so-called foot or footling presentation (Fig. 6^): thisoccurs in a little over i per cent, of all breech cases, and isprobably due to a sudden escape of liquor amnii in a normalbreech presentation, carrying down with it the prolapsed limb;or it may result from violent fetal movements. Causes ofBreech Presentation.—As regards the etiology of pelvic pres- 148 A MANUAL OF OBSTETRICS. entations much has been written. Among the most probablefactors in their


A manual of obstetrics . Fig. 67.—Knee Fig. 68.—Foot presentation. almost complete extension of the lower limbs, constitutingthe so-called foot or footling presentation (Fig. 6^): thisoccurs in a little over i per cent, of all breech cases, and isprobably due to a sudden escape of liquor amnii in a normalbreech presentation, carrying down with it the prolapsed limb;or it may result from violent fetal movements. Causes ofBreech Presentation.—As regards the etiology of pelvic pres- 148 A MANUAL OF OBSTETRICS. entations much has been written. Among the most probablefactors in their causation maybe mentioned—(i) PrematuredeHvery, the under-size of the fetus favoring undue mobilitywhereby either extremity of the fetal ellipse might engagein the superior strait; (2) multiparity, the uterus becomingflabby and distorted with the successive pregnancies, so thatunusual fetal presentations can the more readily occur; (3)pelvic contraction; (4) excessive amount of liquor amnii,again favoring excessive fetal mobility; (5) an over


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectobstetrics, bookyear1