A history of the United States for Catholic schools . of the new republic, however, wasnot clearly defined. Texas claimed much wid^r territory thanMexico would acknowledge. 434. Indian Wars. Indian wars disturbed the peace of thecountry during a large part of Jacksons administration. TheBlack Hawk War(1832), in which theSac and Fox tri])esfought under the fa-mous chief. BlackHawk, broke out inwhat is now cause of the warwas, as usual, disputedland claims, and tlie re-sult was a complete de-feat of the Indians, whowere removed beyondthe Mississippi. TheSecond Seminole War(1834-184
A history of the United States for Catholic schools . of the new republic, however, wasnot clearly defined. Texas claimed much wid^r territory thanMexico would acknowledge. 434. Indian Wars. Indian wars disturbed the peace of thecountry during a large part of Jacksons administration. TheBlack Hawk War(1832), in which theSac and Fox tri])esfought under the fa-mous chief. BlackHawk, broke out inwhat is now cause of the warwas, as usual, disputedland claims, and tlie re-sult was a complete de-feat of the Indians, whowere removed beyondthe Mississippi. TheSecond Seminole War(1834-1842) was causedby an attempt to re-move the Seminoles andCreeks of Florida to the region west of the Mississippi. The Indians committed a num-ber of massacres. General Thompson and a few companionswere assassinated while sitting at table. General WinfieldScott was then sent against the Indians and Chief Osceola wascaptured. Under Colonel Zachary Taylor the war was soon brought toan end, and the defeated Seminoles reluctantly took their 342 A HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES 435. Other Events. A very destructive lire broke out in NewYork City (December, 1835), near the corner of Wall andBroad Streets. Eighteen million dollars worth of propertywas destroyed and thousands of people were reduced to pov-erty and rendered homeless. During Jacksons administration a number of eminent menof our early history died—James Monroe (July 4, 1831) ;Charles Carroll of Garrollton (1832) ; -Philip Freneau (1832) ;John Marshall (1835); James Madison (1836). Two states were admitted during the administration: Ar-kansas (slave state) as the twenty-fifth (1836) ; and Michigan(free state) as the twenty-sixth (1837). Michigan was thefourth state to be formed from the Northwest Territory. 436. First Provincial Council—Anti-Catholic Attacks. Dur-ing Jacksons administration the first Provincial Council, thefirst held in the nineteenth centurj^ and the first in any Eng-lish speaking country
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