. The Canadian field-naturalist. Natural history. 2002 Igl and Martin: Mockingbird Occurrences in North Dakota 89. Figure 3. Northern Mockingbird nest found on 25 June 1998 in Kidder County, North Dakota (photograph by L. D. Igl). The earliest confirmed record of a Northern Mockingbird in North Dakota was of an adult bird collected on 23 November 1916 by C. C. Smith on the campus of the University of North Dakota in Grand Forks (Grand Forks County) (Wood 1923). Wood (1923: 77) considered this bird to be an "acci- dental ; To our knowledge, there were no records of Northern
. The Canadian field-naturalist. Natural history. 2002 Igl and Martin: Mockingbird Occurrences in North Dakota 89. Figure 3. Northern Mockingbird nest found on 25 June 1998 in Kidder County, North Dakota (photograph by L. D. Igl). The earliest confirmed record of a Northern Mockingbird in North Dakota was of an adult bird collected on 23 November 1916 by C. C. Smith on the campus of the University of North Dakota in Grand Forks (Grand Forks County) (Wood 1923). Wood (1923: 77) considered this bird to be an "acci- dental ; To our knowledge, there were no records of Northern Mockingbirds in North Dakota before that date. This observation also represented the first record of the species in the northern Great Plains during the nonbreeding season (Brazier 1964). The second record of a Northern Mockingbird in North Dakota occurred over 17 years later on 17 May 1934 in Valley City (Barnes County) (Appendix A). This observation represented the first breeding-season record in the state and generally marked the beginning of the species' range expan- sion into North Dakota. Observations of mocking- birds increased markedly between the 1930s and 1990s (Figure 1). On average, there were reports of mockingbirds per year in 1931-1940, in 1941- 1950, in 1951-1960, in 1961-1970, in 1971-1980, in 1981-1990, and in 1991-2000. Since 1958, the species has been observed nearly annually in all but 3 of 43 years, with no records for 1962, 1983, and 1989. Only 22 mockingbird occurrences were recorded during the nonbreeding season, mostly between October and December (Figure 2: Appendix A). Mockingbirds were largely absent from the state in January, February, and March. Only two mocking- birds have been observed in North Dakota during those months. Between 30 November 1972 and 14 April 1973, an injured mockingbird was observed in Fargo in Cass County. Between mid-December 1999 and 1 February 2000, a single mockingbird sporadi- cally visited bir
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