The Locomotive . tical temperature of water, or the temperature beyond whichthere is no distinguishable difference between liquid water and steam (seeThe Locomotive for November, 1891, page 173), Battelli found C.; thecorresponding pressure being 147,900 millimeters of mercury (or at-mospheres), and the crit«v! volume, or volume of one gramme of water (or THE LOCOMOTIVE. 219 steam) at the critical temperature and pressure, cubic centimeters. Froma study of the graphical process by which Battelli reached these numericalresults, it appears to the writer that Battellis
The Locomotive . tical temperature of water, or the temperature beyond whichthere is no distinguishable difference between liquid water and steam (seeThe Locomotive for November, 1891, page 173), Battelli found C.; thecorresponding pressure being 147,900 millimeters of mercury (or at-mospheres), and the crit«v! volume, or volume of one gramme of water (or THE LOCOMOTIVE. 219 steam) at the critical temperature and pressure, cubic centimeters. Froma study of the graphical process by which Battelli reached these numericalresults, it appears to the writer that Battellis own method and observations in-dicate a critical temperature about one or two tenths of a degree lower °. The difference is so trifling, however, that Battellis estimate has beenretained. The experimental data obtained by Cailletet and Colardeau, with -respectto the pressure and temperature of saturated steam at high pressures, will befound in a paper entitled Nouvelle Methode de Determination du Point. Fig. 3. — Apparatus of Cailletet and Colarde&u. Critique (New Method for the Determination of the Critical Point), in theAnnates de Cliimie et de Physique, 6th Series, Vol. 25, 1892, page 519. A good,though brief, account of their work is also given in Prestons Theory of Heat,page 383. The apparatus used by these experimenters is shown in Fig. 3. The waterwhose properties were to be investigated was enclosed in a steel tube orbulb, A B, which communicated with a similar and equal bulb, C D, by meansof a thin, flexible steel tube filled with mercury. The upper part of the bulbC D communicated, by means of a second flexible steel tube containing water,with a pressure gage or manometer, M, in which the pressures were measuredby noting the degree of compression experienced by a fixed quantity of hydrogengas, enclosed in a glass tube, and kept at a constant temperature. A con- 220 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [July, nection was also provided, through which water could be introduced i
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