. The chordates. Chordata. CHORDATE KIDNEYS Fig. 77. A diagram illustrating the four types of kidneys which occur in chor- dates. The excretory tubules in Amphioxus are ectodermal in origin like the proto- nephridia of annelids, while they are mesodermal in vertebrates. In the course of phylogenesis the excretory organs of chordates have been successively pronephros, mesonephros, and metanephros. (Courtesy, Neal and Rand: "Chordate Anatomy," Philadelphia, The Blakiston Company.). Fig. 78. Diagrams of urinogenital structures in (A) indifferent and female elasmobranchs and amphibians;
. The chordates. Chordata. CHORDATE KIDNEYS Fig. 77. A diagram illustrating the four types of kidneys which occur in chor- dates. The excretory tubules in Amphioxus are ectodermal in origin like the proto- nephridia of annelids, while they are mesodermal in vertebrates. In the course of phylogenesis the excretory organs of chordates have been successively pronephros, mesonephros, and metanephros. (Courtesy, Neal and Rand: "Chordate Anatomy," Philadelphia, The Blakiston Company.). Fig. 78. Diagrams of urinogenital structures in (A) indifferent and female elasmobranchs and amphibians; (B) male elasmobranchs and amphibians; (C) male amniote (mammal); (D) female amniote (mammal), (ft) Urinary bladder; (c) cloaca; (e) epididymis; (/) Fallopian tube; (g) gonad; (h) "stalked hydatid"; (k) kidney (metanephros); (/) longitudinal tubule: (m) Miillerian duct (oviduct), rudimentary in B and C; (mn) mesonephros; (o) ovary; (ot) ostium tubae abdominale; (pd) para- didymis; (po) paroophoron; (pv) parovarium; (r) rectum; (/) testis; (u) uterus; ((if;) urethra; (ur) ureter; (va) vas aberrans; (vd) vas (ductus) deferens; (ve) vasa ell'erentia; (w) Wolffian duct, urinary in t, urinogenital in B, genital in C, and rudimentary in D. (Courtesy, Kingsley: "Comparative Anatomy of Vertebrates," Philadelphia, The Blakiston Company.}. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Rand, Herbert W. (Herbert Wilbur), 1872-1960. Philadelphia : Blakiston
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