. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. XLVIU] PITYOSTROBTIS 389 2-25 cm. in diameter. The cone-scales are compared with those of Firms excelsa, but the distal ends are stouter than in the recent species and more like those of P. Pinaster. Heer^ compares P. Andraei with his Pinus Quenstedti from Moravia in which the scales have thick apophyses with a central umbo. The needles of the Moravian species are 20 cm, long and appear to be either 3 or 5 in a fascicle. It is impossible within the limits of a general text-book to discuss the bearings of the nume- rous Tertiar
. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. XLVIU] PITYOSTROBTIS 389 2-25 cm. in diameter. The cone-scales are compared with those of Firms excelsa, but the distal ends are stouter than in the recent species and more like those of P. Pinaster. Heer^ compares P. Andraei with his Pinus Quenstedti from Moravia in which the scales have thick apophyses with a central umbo. The needles of the Moravian species are 20 cm, long and appear to be either 3 or 5 in a fascicle. It is impossible within the limits of a general text-book to discuss the bearings of the nume- rous Tertiary records of Abietineous cones, many of them undoubtedly borne by species of Pinus. A few examples only are mentioned primarily in order to draw the attention of students to the importance of making a critical examination of Tertiary and Pleistocene Coni- fers. The neglect of Tertiary plants is largely due to the unscientific treatment by authors of detached leaves of Angiosperms which in many instances are referred to recent genera on wholly inadequate grounds, but the more trustworthy nature of the material on which species of Fia. 782. Pityostmbus Abietineous cones are founded deserves careful (Pimtes) Andraei. consideration and would probably yield results ' , ^'^ , °®™^"^' ^ •' •' nat. size.) of considerable importance. Pityostrobus (Pinites) macrocephalus (Lindley and Hutton). This species, founded on a cone 12 cm. long and 6 cm. in diameter, was in the first instance described by Lindley and Hutton^ from an account furnished by Prof. Henslow and named Zamia macrocephala; it was found near Dover and believed to be •derived from the 'Greensand formation.' A second specimen from Faversham in Kent was described by the same authors as Zamia ovata^. Endlicher* assigned the cones to Zamiostrobus and MiqueP 1 Heer (69) p. 13, PI. n. fig. 11. " Lindley and Hutton (35) A. PI. oxxv. « Ibid. (37) A. PI. ocxxvi A. « EndUcher (40) p. 72. * Miquel (42) p. Ple
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