. Human physiology. bone has a very irregular sawlike edge, and the teeth or pro-jections of the opposite edges are firmly dovetailed joints are often called sutures (Lat. sutura, a seam). Movable joints are those in which the bones forming themare capable of motion against each other. These joints are sub-divided into perfect or complete, and imperfect or incomplete. The perfect joints are of four kinds, viz :—(i) gliding joints,consisting of bones which slide over each other, as those of theankle and wrist; (2) ball and socket joints, consisting of arounded head which rota
. Human physiology. bone has a very irregular sawlike edge, and the teeth or pro-jections of the opposite edges are firmly dovetailed joints are often called sutures (Lat. sutura, a seam). Movable joints are those in which the bones forming themare capable of motion against each other. These joints are sub-divided into perfect or complete, and imperfect or incomplete. The perfect joints are of four kinds, viz :—(i) gliding joints,consisting of bones which slide over each other, as those of theankle and wrist; (2) ball and socket joints, consisting of arounded head which rotates in a hollow socket, as the hip-joint andshoulder-joint; (3) hinge joints, like those of the elbow and the 38 ELEMENTARY PHYSIOLOGY knee ; and (4) pivot joints, in which a projection of one boneserves as a pivot for the rotation of the other, as the joint formedby the atlas and the axis. In each of these joints the articulating surfaces of the bonesare covered with a thin layer of articular cartilage, and thip. Fig. 42.—Section through theFivot Joint formed by theAtlas and the Axis. 1, section through the odontoid peg,showing synovial cavities before andbehind ; 2, cut portion of the atlas :3, the transverse ligament whichholds the peg ; 4, surface of the atlaswhich articulates ivith the skull.
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