Diseases of the air brake system; their causes, symptoms and cure . m. 91 FOUNDATION BRAKES- Under this head are included all the levers, rods, beams,shoes, etc., that are nsed in conjunction with the air-brakeproper. This is a subject so vast that anything like fullconsideration of it would require a special treatise; there-fore we shall touch on it here onlj^ in a verj- general convenience, let us divide the question into the fol-lowing heads: Car-Brakes, Tender-Brakes and Driver-Brakes. Car=Brakes. Probably the most troublesome disease under this headis improper ADJUSTMENT OF LEVERS
Diseases of the air brake system; their causes, symptoms and cure . m. 91 FOUNDATION BRAKES- Under this head are included all the levers, rods, beams,shoes, etc., that are nsed in conjunction with the air-brakeproper. This is a subject so vast that anything like fullconsideration of it would require a special treatise; there-fore we shall touch on it here onlj^ in a verj- general convenience, let us divide the question into the fol-lowing heads: Car-Brakes, Tender-Brakes and Driver-Brakes. Car=Brakes. Probably the most troublesome disease under this headis improper ADJUSTMENT OF LEVERS. Even when the piston travel is right the angle of thelevers is frequently WTong. All levers should stand asnearly at right angles to the rods as is possible. Anyother position interferes with a proper distribution of thebraking power, to a greater or less extent, according asthe position of the levers is more or less oblique. The proper PISTON TRAVEL is, for passenger cars, about 8 inches, and for freight carsabout () inches. A constant struggle should be main-. (92) Plate 24. Diseases of the Air Brake System. 93 tained to keep this as nearly uniform as possible, and anygreat variation either way will be sure to show itself inthe performance of the brakes in service. With too longa travel the brakes will not hold properly, and with tooshort a travel they will stick. If the travel be reduced to an extremely small amountall the air admitted to the cylinder will escape throughthe leakage groove, and the brake thereby be rendereduseless entirely. Let us repeat, too much stress cannot be laid upon thenecessity of keeping the foundation brakes properly ad-justed. Care in this respect will reduce both the numberof wrecks and flat wheels. This applies not only to car-brakes, but to driver and tender-brakes as well. If levers bend they should be made stronger. If rods break the}- should be made thicker. If beams collapse better ones should be substituted. What sense is there in spendi
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