. Elements of railroad track and construction . en ties a number of different forms ofconcrete and reinforced concrete ties have been reinforced concrete tie which the Ulster and DelawareRaih-oad has laid as an experiment is described in theRailroad Gazette of Sept. 23, 1904. This tie is shown in PERMANENT WAY. 61 Fig. 20, and consists of a solid prism of concrete, 8 feetlong, 7 inches thick, and battered from 10 inches wide onthe bottom to 8 inches at the top. They are molded inwooden forms and are reinforced by a piece of 2J by ^inch angle-iron 7 feet long, placed with the corner
. Elements of railroad track and construction . en ties a number of different forms ofconcrete and reinforced concrete ties have been reinforced concrete tie which the Ulster and DelawareRaih-oad has laid as an experiment is described in theRailroad Gazette of Sept. 23, 1904. This tie is shown in PERMANENT WAY. 61 Fig. 20, and consists of a solid prism of concrete, 8 feetlong, 7 inches thick, and battered from 10 inches wide onthe bottom to 8 inches at the top. They are molded inwooden forms and are reinforced by a piece of 2J by ^inch angle-iron 7 feet long, placed with the corner \ inchbelow the top surface, and extending to within 6 inchesof the ends of the tie. Tie plates 8 by 9 inches and \ inchthick are embedded flush with the top of the tie on inter-mediate ties and 8 by lOf inches under joints. The railsare fastened by two f by 3i inch square-headed boltspassing through the angle-iron and plate as shown inthe figure, and by means of cast-iron clips. The clipsare shaped as shown in the figure, the dimensions being. SECTION ^ PlateAngle Iron^gx2i^ rVlong Fig. 20. o ~^ J 2^ by 2 by 1 inch over all, with a \^ inch hole for theI inch bolt, the grip of the clip having the proper angle tofit neatly over the flange of the rail. A mixture of onepart of Portland cement, two parts of coarse sharp sand,and four parts of crushed limestone which would pass 62 RAILROAD TRACK AND CONSTRUCTION. through a | inch ring was used, and the reinforcementwas old angle-iron, some of which was | inch by 3^ inchesby 7 feet. The cost of the tie was 42 cents, exclusive ofthe reinforcement, and the weight was about 450 of the first of these ties showed no signs of failure orof loose joints after being in the track more than a year. 67. Economy of Reinforced Concrete Ties.—Mostforms of concrete ties cost nearly or quite as much assteel ties, and must have a long life in order to be econom-ical. The results of some experiments show this formof tie to be a failur
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