Organic and functional nervous diseases; a text-book of neurology . ght or of use. Ifthese associations are broken, the result is a defect of languagecharacterized by the misplacement of words, and the patient talks;jargon. Such a condition is termed paraphasia or intercorticalaphasia. * Gordinier, American Journal of the Medical Sciences, September, 1903, has pub-ILsbed such a case. 140 DIAGNOSIS AND LOCALIZATION OF BRAIN DISEASES. There are as many forms of paraphasia as there are association-tracts. Alkision has already been made to intercortical sensory form is intercortica
Organic and functional nervous diseases; a text-book of neurology . ght or of use. Ifthese associations are broken, the result is a defect of languagecharacterized by the misplacement of words, and the patient talks;jargon. Such a condition is termed paraphasia or intercorticalaphasia. * Gordinier, American Journal of the Medical Sciences, September, 1903, has pub-ILsbed such a case. 140 DIAGNOSIS AND LOCALIZATION OF BRAIN DISEASES. There are as many forms of paraphasia as there are association-tracts. Alkision has already been made to intercortical sensory form is intercortical motor aphasia, in which the associationtract between the temporal convolution and Brocas convolution isinvolved. This tract passes beneath the island of Reil. (Fig. 70, D.)When it is affected the patient can understand what is heard or seenand can enunciate words clearly, but is unable to repeat after anotherperson a word heard, and talks jargon. These patients usually talkrapidly and constantly, try very hard to convey their ideas, but can- FiG. 72. Hand Touch. Voice Hearing Diagram to illustrate aphasia. The cortical sensory and motor centres are indicated by the secondary cortical centres of memories are indicated by circles. /, visual, of objects; //, visual,of words; III, tactile; IV, auditory ; V, speech; VI, writing. These are joined to one another byassociat4on fibres which transmit impulses in both directions. Subcortical lesions in these fibres causeaphasia as well as lesions in the cortex. not be understood at all, for the mingling of nonsense words or of syl-lables with words which they had no intention of using renders thesentences unintelligible. If one constructs a diagram like the above figure (72) and then hypo-thetically divides one of the lines between the various centres, oneobtains a scheme illustrating aphasia of conduction or intercorticalaphasia. It becomes evident that there are a great many possible formsof aphasia of conduction. But the c
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