. Bulletin. Science. Figure 15.—Another form of the differential arc-light regulator of Lacassagne and Thiers. Two circuits—one permitting and one stop- ping the flow of mercury from the reservoir (a)—controlled the position of the float, to which the lower carbon was fixed. A similar differential principle formed the basis for all the later successful regulators. From J. Dredge, Electric Illumination, London, (about 1882), vol. I, p. 392. invented by Faraday himself in November 1831. He called this new device a magnetoelectric generator, in contrast to the electrostatic generator; later,
. Bulletin. Science. Figure 15.—Another form of the differential arc-light regulator of Lacassagne and Thiers. Two circuits—one permitting and one stop- ping the flow of mercury from the reservoir (a)—controlled the position of the float, to which the lower carbon was fixed. A similar differential principle formed the basis for all the later successful regulators. From J. Dredge, Electric Illumination, London, (about 1882), vol. I, p. 392. invented by Faraday himself in November 1831. He called this new device a magnetoelectric generator, in contrast to the electrostatic generator; later, the term was shortened to "; This first mag- netoelectric generator was, interestingly enough, the converse of Barlow's "wheel," a simple electric motor. Faraday's generator could not produce sparks or electrolyze water, but it did deflect the needle of a galvanometer. A somewhat more efficient device was produced by Hippolyte Pixii, who had been instrument-maker. Figure 16.—One of the earliest (1857) versions of .Serrin's arc-light regulator. From T. du Moncel, Expose des applications de I'electricite, Paris, ed. 2, 1856-1862, vol. 4, p. 493. to D. F. J. Arago and A. M. Ampere for a number of years. Pixii's magneto generator (fig. 21), which was first demonstrated in a lecture by Ampere at the Sorbonne in September 1832, consisted of a 2-kg. horseshoe magnet mounted on a vertical axis that could be rotated before the poles of an electromagnet that acted as armature to the magnet. The electro- magnet was about 8 cm. high and had 50 meters of copper wire on it. The alternate passage of first a north and then a south pole before the poles of the electromagnet produced an alternating current that went first in one direction along the wire and then the other, in contrast to the current from chemical cells that always went in the same direction. Al- though the resulting gases were mixed, Pixii's magneto PAPER 30: DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRICAL TECHNOL
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